Active Tropical Systems & Formation Outlook

A whole-basin summary of all active tropical cyclones and the NHC Tropical Weather Outlook, generated with the tropycal package. Select a storm below for its official forecast and model guidance.

Summary & NHC 7-Day Formation Outlook

Valid: 11 UTC 31 Oct 2026

Active storms summary

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91I (IO912026)

Type: TD Max Wind: 30 kt Min Pressure: 1007 hPa Position: 9.9, 89.7 Basin: North Indian
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.

IN-FA (WP302026)

Type: HU Max Wind: 115 kt Min Pressure: 948 hPa Position: 22.2, 142.9 Basin: West Pacific
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN31 PGTW 310900 MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI// SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TYPHOON 30W (IN-FA) WARNING NR 032// RMKS/ 1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS. 2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS. SUMMARY: INITIAL POSITION: 22.2N 142.9E INITIAL INTENSITY: 115 KTS GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 179 NM SOUTH-SOUTHEAST OF IWO TO MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: NORTHWARD AT 08 KTS SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 50 FEET SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION: ANIMATED MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGERY (MSI) DEPICTS TYPHOON (TY) 30W MAINTAINING A WELL-DEFINED EYE FEATURE, WHICH HAS CONSTRUCTED SLIGHTLY OVER THE PAST SIX HOURS TO 37 NM. MULTIPLE MESOVORTICES ARE CLEARLY VISIBLE ROTATING ALONG THE INNER EYEWALL, GENERATING A WAVENUMBER-3 ASYMMETRY. OVER THE PAST SIX HOURS, THE PRIMARY EYEWALL HAS BEGUN TO DEGRADE AND BECOME MORE ASYMMETRIC, THOUGH INNER-EYE TEMPERATURES REMAIN NEAR 19C. A 310300Z AMSR3 COLOR-ENHANCED 89 GHZ MICROWAVE IMAGE DEPICTS A SYMMETRICAL INNER EYEWALL, ROUGHLY 10 NM WIDE, SEPARATED BY A THIN (APPROXIMATELY 10 NM WIDE) MOAT FEATURE FROM A ROBUST, 40 NM WIDE SECONDARY EYEWALL. THE CIMSS M-PERC HOVMOLLER DIAGRAM CLEARLY INDICATES THAT SECONDARY EYEWALL FORMATION (SEF) BEGAN AROUND 301800Z, AND THE SECONDARY EYEWALL HAS SINCE BEEN GRADUALLY CONTRACTING IN SIZE WHILE THE INNER EYEWALL SLOWLY DEGRADES. AT THE SYNOPTIC SCALE, A WEAK FRONTAL BOUNDARY IS LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 400 NM NORTHWEST OF TY 30W, MOVING SOUTHEASTWARD. IN THE UPPER-LEVELS, ANIMATED WATER VAPOR IMAGERY DEPICTS A MESOSCALE POINT-SOURCE OUTFLOW PATTERN DIRECTLY OVERLYING 30W, AND DUAL UPPER- TROPOSPHERIC ANTICYCLONES AT 200 MB BOTH EAST AND WEST OF THE SYSTEM, PROVIDING STRONG RADIAL OUTFLOW ENHANCED BY A ROBUST POLEWARD OUTFLOW CHANNEL. THE INITIAL MOTION VECTOR IN THE ANALYSIS IS NORTH AT 08 KNOTS; HOWEVER, THIS SMOOTHS OUT A TEMPORARY NORTHEASTWARD TRAJECTORY OBSERVED FROM ABOUT 0300Z TO 0600Z BASED ON THE ANIMATED MSI. THE INITIAL POSITION IS ASSESSED WITH HIGH CONFIDENCE BASED ON THE WELL- DEFINED EYE IN THE MSI. THE INITIAL INTENSITY IS ASSESSED WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE, BASED ON A BLEND OF THE OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE INTENSITY ESTIMATES OUTLINED BELOW. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE OVERALL, BUT REMAIN TEMPERED BY THE ONGOING EYEWALL REPLACEMENT CYCLE (ERC) AND THERMODYNAMIC LIMITATIONS FROM SELF- INDUCED OCEANIC UPWELLING AS THE SYSTEM DECELERATES AND BECOMES QUASI-STATIONARY. INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: EYEWALL REPLACEMENT CYCLE (ERC) AND OCEANIC UPWELLING. CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: WEAK STEERING PATTERN INFLUENCED BY A BIFURCATED SUBTROPICAL RIDGE (STR) TO THE EAST AND TO THE WEST NEAR TAIWAN, AND A SHALLOW MID-LATITUDE TROUGH TO THE NORTH. AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES: PGTW: T6.0 - 115 KTS RJTD: T6.0 - 115 KTS RCTP: T5.5 - 102 KTS CIMSS SATCON: 108 KTS AT 310500Z CIMSS ADT: 112 KTS AT 310530Z CIMSS AIDT: 110 KTS AT 310530Z CIMSS D-PRINT: 117 KTS AT 310600Z FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: FAVORABLE VWS: 0-5 KTS SST: 29-30 CELSIUS OUTFLOW: STRONG POLEWARD ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE: INITIAL POSITION: HIGH INITIAL INTENSITY: MEDIUM INITIAL WIND RADII: MEDIUM 3. FORECAST REASONING. SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THERE ARE NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO THE FORECAST FROM THE PREVIOUS WARNING. FORECAST DISCUSSION: TYPHOON (TY) 30W HAS BEGUN TURNING POLEWARD IN REACTION TO THE IMMINENT PASSAGE OF A MODERATELY DEEP MID-LATITUDE TROUGH TO THE NORTH, WHICH IS ERODING THE WESTERN FLANK OF THE EASTERN STR. WHILE THE TROUGH IS STRONG ENOUGH TO WEAKEN THE RIDGE, GLOBAL DYNAMICAL MODELS SUGGEST THAT IT LACKS THE AMPLITUDE AND DYNAMICS NECESSARY TO FACILITATE EXTRA-TROPICAL TRANSITION OR PULL TY 30W POLEWARD INTO THE MID-LATITUDE WESTERLIES AT THIS TIME. THUS, TY 30W REMAINS TRAPPED IN A COL BETWEEN COMPETING RIDGES TO THE EAST AND WEST, AND THE TROUGH TO T…

ECMWF 10-m Streamlines

This map visualizes near-surface winds from the ECMWF operational model using streamlines — continuous curves that show the direction of the wind at every point. Streamlines help us visually detect patterns of atmospheric flow, such as jets, troughs, and areas of rotation.

Forecasters at the NHC monitor 10-meter wind fields for signs of a closed low-level circulation — a common feature of early tropical cyclone formation. When streamlines wrap into a tight, circular pattern and form a closed loop, it may signal that a system is transitioning from a disorganized disturbance into a structured cyclone.

This early organization of wind flow is a key threshold in classifying an area as a potential tropical cyclone. While other ingredients like convection and mid-level humidity are also necessary, closed low-level circulation is often the first structural milestone forecasters look for.

Look for small, circular loops in the streamlines over oceanic regions — especially where other environmental factors also align for storm formation.

Streamline Wind Map

ECMWF Predictions

No active storm found in ECMWF data at this time.

Environmental Indicators

Hypothetical TC Drift Paths

This map displays hypothetical tropical cyclone (TC) paths projected from genesis-favorable zones identified by an environmental mask. These paths are computed using the Emanuel Beta and Advection Model, a physically based framework that estimates the motion of nascent cyclones by combining steering-level winds and planetary rotation effects.

The model blends winds from two critical pressure levels — 850 hPa (lower troposphere) and 250 hPa (upper troposphere) — weighted toward the lower level where most of a tropical cyclone's mass resides. It also incorporates a background component associated with beta drift, which arises from the variation of the Coriolis force with latitude.

Each pink trajectory represents a storm initialized from a grid cell where all five environmental thresholds were favorable: high CAPE, low vertical wind shear, high mid-level humidity, warm SSTs, and positive low-level vorticity. Arrows darken with time, tracing the cyclone’s evolution in 6-hour steps. These tracks can move over land given the steering winds, but in reality these storms weaken quickly when no longer over warm water. This means the tracks that move over significant would likely die out quickly and are not well represented in this model.

Hypothetical storms often drift westward and poleward, steered by large-scale tropical flow and Earth's rotation — this helps forecasters anticipate where early-stage disturbances might evolve into organized storms.

TC Drift Path Map

Pressure & Rainfall (hPa)

This chart shows 24-hour forecasts of surface pressure (in hPa) and precipitation (in mm) for select U.S. cities. The data comes from the Open-Meteo API, which sources its predictions from high-resolution numerical weather models like ICON (from the German Weather Service) and ECMWF's IFS. These are advanced general circulation models (GCMs) that solve physical equations governing the atmosphere — including thermodynamics, fluid motion, and radiation — to simulate and forecast future states of weather.

A sudden drop in pressure may signal the approach of a developing storm system. Increasing rainfall intensity often tracks with tropical activity or frontal systems. These paired indicators help visualize evolving atmospheric instability and potential hazards.

NBDC Gulf Buoy Data

This data comes from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC), a division of NOAA responsible for monitoring ocean and atmospheric conditions using moored buoys, coastal stations, and drifting floats. These sensors play a vital role in tracking tropical cyclone development by recording variables like wind speed, barometric pressure, air & sea surface temperatures, and wave height — all of which help determine storm structure and intensification.

A sudden drop in sea-level pressure or a spike in wind gusts can signal rapid cyclone strengthening. Water temperature above ~26°C is a key fuel source for tropical cyclones. Wave and swell height give insight into the storm’s reach and energy transfer across the ocean. Monitoring these in real time helps improve forecasts and early warnings.

Wind: E (80°), 9.7 kt   |   Gust: 9.7 kt

Pressure: 29.98 rising   |   Air Temp: 80.4 °F

Water Temp: 80.4 °F   |   Dew Point: 77.0 °F

Swell: 3.3 ft   |   Wind Wave: 1.6 ft

NWS U.S. Radar

The National Weather Service (NWS) collects radar data using the NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) network — a nationwide system of over 150 high-resolution Doppler radar stations. Radar works by emitting pulses of energy that bounce off precipitation (like raindrops, hail, or snow) and return to the radar dish. Doppler radar not only detects the location and intensity of storms, but also their motion — by measuring shifts in frequency caused by movement of particles toward or away from the radar site. This allows meteorologists to spot rotating storms and potential tornadoes in real time.

US National Radar Loop

GOES 15-min Satellite

The GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) system is operated by NOAA and provides continuous weather observation over the Americas. Orbiting 22,300 miles above Earth, GOES satellites deliver high-resolution imagery every 15 minutes, helping track tropical systems, cloud formation, and atmospheric motion in real time. The Geocolor imagery shown here combines visible and infrared data to highlight clouds, land, and sea in a natural-looking format.

Satellite

GOES Band 13 – Infrared (IR) Imagery

Band 13 (10.3 µm) is one of the most important infrared channels for tropical meteorology, measuring emitted radiation from cloud tops. Colder colors (red, yellow) signal deep convection, where strong thunderstorms punch through the upper atmosphere. These features often indicate the early stages of tropical cyclone formation.

GOES IR Band 13

Most recent GOES Band 13 image. Provided by NOAA/NESDIS/STAR.